Synthesis of bio-based materials from agricultural residues for treatment of petrochemical wastewater

Abstract 4-Carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA), a major component of purified terephthalic acid wastewater, is toxic to living organisms and required be removed before the discharge treated wastewater in natural water body. In this work, adsorptive removal 4-CBA was studied using bagasse fly ash (BFA), waste product from sugar industry. The adsorption capacity BFA compared with commercially available adsorbent, granular activated carbon (GAC). A 4-factorial, 5-stage central composite design (CCD) used optimize uptake by response surface methodology (RSM). variables considered for study were pH, adsorbent dose ( m ), initial concentration C o ) time t ). At optimum treatment conditions pH = 4, 9 g/L, 100 mg/L 7.5 h, efficiency on found 79% 9.9 mg/g, respectively. BET area determined 284 2 /g. kinetic performed first- second pseudo-order model. equilibrium data fitted various models. positive value $$\Delta H^{0}$$ Δ H 0 indicates that process endothermic. This indicated cost-effective high fast kinetics. Graphical